The Curia was the building where the Roman Senate met. The building that still stands in the Roman Forum is that of Julius Caesar. It was a building that represented both Roman civilization and the power of the Roman Empire. Indeed, although today the building is made of brick, it was once covered in marble and bronze, with gold statues and mosaic floors. Today, it is not one of the most impressive buildings, but it was a key monument to the functioning of the Roman Empire.

This Senate building has, however, undergone numerous restorations and changed its name several times. In 52 BC, while it bore the name "Curia Hostilia," it was burned down after a riot sparked by the death of the tribune of the plebs, Clodius, an ally of Caesar against the senatorial class, who was killed by his political rival, Milo. A new curia, designed to accommodate 900 senators, was thus built in its place.

Caesar covered the construction costs and modestly named it the "Curia Julia" (Curia Iulia). But the work took time. The Senate therefore temporarily moved to the Curia Pompeiana (Curia Pompeiana)—named (ironically) after Pompey the Great, the general defeated by Caesar in a civil war in 49 BC. The Roman leader would never see the completion of his project.

Indeed, in 44 BC, Julius Caesar was assassinated by about sixty senators led by Brutus, his own adopted son.

Augustus completed the construction of the "Curia Julia" and in 29 BC... In 12 BC, senatorial meetings were once again held there. However, the assembly lost much of its power during the transition from the Republic to the Empire.

Caesar was never emperor, but his name became an honorific title borne by all Roman emperors.

This title was adopted by the Holy Roman Empire as Kaiser and in Russia as Tsar, which was long written Czar.